Table 1.
Summary of baseline characteristics of participants by incident coronary heart disease status
| Cases |
Non-cases |
Difference* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | n | Mean (SD) or % | n | Mean (SD) or % | P |
| Demographics and lifestyle | |||||
| Age at survey (years) | 833 | 57.4 (7.2) | 681 | 48.2 (9.8) | <0.0001 |
| Sex | <0.0001 | ||||
| Male | 556 | 67% | 334 | 49% | |
| Female | 277 | 33% | 347 | 51% | |
| Smoking status | <0.0001 | ||||
| Never/former | 369 | 44% | 373 | 55% | |
| Current | 462 | 56% | 306 | 45% | |
| Alcohol consumption | 0.002 | ||||
| Never/former | 207 | 25% | 132 | 19% | |
| Current | 624 | 75% | 547 | 81% | |
| History of diabetes | <0.0001 | ||||
| No | 699 | 92% | 600 | 98% | |
| Yes | 58 | 8% | 13 | 2% | |
| Socio-economic position | 0.032 | ||||
| Low | 167 | 26% | 232 | 29% | |
| Low/medium | 189 | 30% | 235 | 30% | |
| Medium | 150 | 23% | 189 | 24% | |
| Medium/high | 92 | 14% | 102 | 13% | |
| High | 42 | 7% | 36 | 5% | |
| Physical measurements | |||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 832 | 138 (20) | 680 | 128 (18) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 832 | 84 (11) | 681 | 81 (10) | 0.022 |
| Pulse rate (count/min) | 833 | 69 (11) | 680 | 67 (10) | 0.002 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 827 | 26 (4.2) | 678 | 25 (4.4) | <0.0001 |
| Lipids | |||||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 829 | 6.63 (1.21) | 680 | 6.14 (1.14) | <0.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 809 | 4.52 (1.09) | 670 | 4.00 (1.02) | <0.0001 |
| Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 827 | 5.33 (1.23) | 677 | 4.63 (1.16) | <0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 827 | 1.30 (0.37) | 677 | 1.49 (0.42) | <0.0001 |
| Loge triglycerides (loge mmol/L) | 829 | 0.44 (0.49) | 680 | 0.19 (0.48) | <0.0001 |
| Inflammatory cytokines | |||||
| Loge IL-6 (loge ng/L) | 732 | 0.86 (0.67) | 594 | 0.58 (0.68) | <0.0001 |
| Loge IL-18 (loge ng/L) | 740 | 5.71 (0.42) | 596 | 5.55 (0.40) | <0.0001 |
| Loge MMP-9 (loge µg/L) | 748 | 5.97 (0.57) | 612 | 5.87 (0.56) | <0.0001 |
| Loge sCD40L (loge ng/L) | 652 | 8.79 (0.75) | 529 | 8.80 (0.75) | 0.938 |
| Loge TNF-α (loge ng/L) | 738 | 0.43 (0.39) | 595 | 0.40 (0.45) | 0.244 |
| Loge CRP (loge mg/L) | 389 | 0.94 (1.02) | 369 | 0.22 (1.15) | <0.0001 |
*P-value for difference in risk marker distribution between cases and non-cases adjusted for cohort, age, and sex.