Table II.
Bound Active Molecules that can be Released by Perlecan Turnover
| Binding Partner | Binding Domain |
Affinity | Bioactivity | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| acetylcholinesterase | HS (avian) | unreported | NMJ function | (Peng et al., 1999) |
| activin A | HS | unreported | tissue growth and repair | (Li et al., 2010) |
| BMP-1 | HS | 573 pM | osteogenesis | (Decarlo et al., 2012) |
| BMP-2 | HS | 600 pM | osteogenesis/ chondrogenesis |
(Decarlo et al., 2012) |
| FGF-1 | HS | unreported | tissue growth and repair | (Melrose et al., 2006) |
| FGF-2 | HS | 0.6–2 nM; 12 nM | tissue growth and repair | (Chu et al., 2005; Knox et al., 2002) |
| FGF-9 | HS | unreported | tissue growth and repair | (Melrose et al., 2006) |
| HB-EGF | HS | 44 nM; 6.1 nM | tissue growth and repair | (Chu et al., 2005) |
| histone H1 | HS | unreported | tissue growth and repair | (Henriquez et al., 2002) |
| IL-2 (mouse) | HS | unreported | inflammation; immune surveillance |
(Miller et al., 2008) |
| LTBP-2 | HS | unreported | release of TGFβ | (Parsi et al., 2010) |
| Thrombospondin-1 | HS | unreported | tissue remodeling and repair |
(Vischer et al., 1997) |
| VEGF165 | HS | “high” | tissue growth /angiogenesis |
(Zoeller et al., 2009) |
| WNTsa/Wg | HS | 0.01–0.1 nM | tissue development and growth |
(Lin, 2004; Reichsman et al., 1996) |
| Hedgehogs (Hhs)a | HS/Core Protein |
“high” | tissue development and growth |
(Datta et al., 2006; Lin, 2004; Park et al., 2003) |
| TGF beta | HS/Core Protein |
low nM | tissue growth and repair | (Cheifetz and Massague, 1989; Harrison et al., 2011) |
| LDL & VLDL | II | “high” | cholesterol and lipid delivery |
(Hummel et al., 2004) |
| FGF-7 | III | 60 nM | tissue growth and repair | (Mongiat et al., 2000) |
| FGF-18 | III | 27.8 nM | tissue growth/chondrogenesis | (Smith et al., 2007) |
| FGF-bp | III - second laminin-EGF repeat |
18 nM | release of FGF | (Mongiat et al., 2001) |
| PDGF | III - second laminin-EGF repeat |
8–25 nM | tissue growth /angiogenesis |
(Gohring et al., 1998) |
| FGF-7 | V | 60 nM | tissue growth and repair | (Mongiat et al., 2000) |
| myostatin (mouse) | V (mouse) | 11 nM | regulation of muscle mass | (Sengle et al., 2011) |
| Progranulin | V | 1 µM | blood vessel growth | (Gonzalez et al., 2003) |
| VEGFR1 | V | 10.6 nM | VEGF signaling; angiogenesis |
(Goyal et al., 2011) |
| VEGFR2 | V | 2.8 nM | VEGF signaling; angiogenesis |
(Goyal et al., 2011) |
a
Extrapolated from genetic and diffusion data.