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. 2014 Feb 19;14:10. doi: 10.1186/1471-213X-14-10

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Copyright © 2014 Cakstina et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Retinoic acid regulates the expression of FN1 and NEO in chicken heart forming cell culture. Primary heart forming region cells from 3–5 ss chick embryos were cultured for 3 d in either DMEM or Endo-Grow (Endo) media in the presence or absence of retinoic acid (RA). (A) Relative quantification of FN1 mRNA in comparison to FN1 mRNA in control cells with no added RA. (B) Relative quantification of NEO mRNA in comparison to NEO mRNA in control cells with no added RA. Standard deviations are indicated by error bars. The differences in comparison to the control at significance level p < 0.05 are marked by (*); at p < 0.005, by (**); at p < 0.0001, by (***).