Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of the study population according to the presence or absence of labor as well as cervical dilatation
| Characteristics | No labor (Group 1, n = 775) |
Pa | Early labor (Group 2, n = 86) |
Pb | Active labor (Group 3, n = 23) |
Pc | Pd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (y, median and range)e | 32 (17–46) | NS | 33 (24–44) | NS | 30 (22–38) | NS | NSf |
| Nulliparity | 149 (19.2%) | NS | 23 (26.7%) | < .01 | 14 (60.9%) | < .001 | < .001g |
| Gestational age at delivery (wks, median and range) | 38.4 (37.0–41.6) | .076 | 38.1 (37.0–42.0) | < .001 | 39.9 (37.6–42.1) | < .001 | < .001f |
| Birthweight (g, median and range)e | 3230 (1900–5410) | NS | 3205 (1730–4740) | < .05 | 3510 (2850–4890) | < .05 | < .05f |
| Indication for cesarean delivery | |||||||
| Previous cesarean section | 579 (74.7%) | 49 (57.0%) | 4 (17.4%) | ||||
| Malpresentation | 105 (13.5%) | 11 (12.8%) | 2 (8.7%) | ||||
| Placenta previa | 26 (3.4%) | 4 (4.7%) | 0 (0%) | ||||
| Previous uterine surgery | 24 (3.1%) | 1 (1.2%) | 0 (0%) | ||||
| Nonreassuring fetal heart testing | 5 (0.6%) | 8 (9.3%) | 4 (17.4%) | ||||
| Fetal macrosomia | 8 (1.0%) | 4 (4.7%) | 2 (8.7%) | ||||
| Failure to progress | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.2%) | 11 (47.8%) | ||||
| Others | 28 (3.6%) | 8 (9.3%) | 0 (0%) | ||||
| AF WBC count (cells/mm3)e | 2 (0 to > 1000) | NS | 3 (0 to > 1000) | < .05 | 10 (0 to > 1000) | < .001 | < .005f |
| Positive AF culture | 6 (0.8%) | .052 | 3 (3.5%) | NS | 3 (13.0%) | < .01 | < .001g |
| Histologic chorioamnionitis | 34 (4.4%) | < .01 | 10 (11.6%) | < .05 | 7 (30.4%) | < .001 | < .001g |
| Funisitis | 8 (1.0%) | NS | 2 (2.3%) | NS | 0 (0%) | NS | NSg |
AF, AMNIOTIC FLUID; NS, not significant; WBC, white blood cell.
a
Comparison between Groups 1 and 2.
b
Comparison between Groups 2 and 3.
c
Comparison between Groups 1 and 3.
d
Comparison between Groups 1, 2, and 3.
e
Values are given as median and range.
f
By Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance test.
g
By χ2 test.