Table 3.
Indirect immunofluorescence patterns detected on HEp-2 cells, with, related antigens and diagnosis a
| Related antigens | Related diagnosis | |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclear patterns |
|
|
| Homogeneous |
DNA, histones, chromatin/nucleosomes |
SLE, drug-induced SLE, JIA |
| Peripheral/rim or nuclear envelope |
Lamins, LAP1/2 gp210, nucleoporin p62; Tpr nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complex antigens |
SLE, RA, PBC, myositis, autoimmune liver disease, PAPS |
| Coarse speckled |
U1-snRNP, U2-6 snRNP (Sm), nuclear matrix |
MCTD, SLE, Raynaud, SSc, SS, UCTD |
| Fine speckled |
SSA/Ro, SSB/La, common to many antigens |
SLE, SS, SSc, myositis, MCTD |
| Dense fine speckled |
DFS70/LEDGF-P75 |
Healthy subjects and other inflammatory conditions |
| PCNA |
Auxiliary protein proliferating cell nuclear antigen: elongation factor of DNA polymerase δ |
SLE, lymphoproliferative diseases, SS |
| Diffuse speckled with “cloudy” mitoses |
Topoisomerase-I |
SSc |
| Centromere |
Kinetochore: CENP-A, CENP-B, CENP-C, CENP-F |
SSc (limited) |
| Nucleolar homogeneous |
PM/Scl, RNA polymerase, To/Th , B23 phosphoprotein/numatrin |
SSc, myositis, overlap myositis/SSc |
| Nucleolar speckled |
RNA polymerase (I to III) |
SSc |
| Nucleolar clumpy |
U3-RNP (fibrillarin) |
SSc |
| Multiple/few nuclear dots |
Sp100/140, PML bodies, NDP53, p80-coilin, PML bodies |
PBC, CAH, SS |
| Centrosome/centriole (formerly spindle apparatus) |
Enolase, ninein, pericentrin |
SSc, Raynaud’s phenomenon, inflammatory disease |
| MSA |
NuMA/centrophilin Hseg5 |
RA, inflammatory conditions; pneumonia (mycoplasma) |
| Cytoplasmic patterns |
|
|
| Diffuse homogeneous (nucleoli positive) |
Ribosomal proteins |
SLE |
| Fine speckled |
Jo-1, SRP, PDH (mitochondria) |
Myositides, DM, PBC, interstitial lung disease |
| Discrete speckled |
Endosome (early endosome antigen 1), GW/P bodies, multivesicular bodies/lysosomes |
Neurological conditions, SS, SLE, RA, PBC |
| Golgi complex |
Golgi proteins |
SLE, SS, RA, overlap syndromes, cerebellar ataxia |
| Cytoplasmic fibers | Actin, cytokeratin, tropomyosin, vimentin | CAH, DM, infections and other inflammatory diseases |
CAH, chronic autoimmune hepatitis; CENP, centromere protein; DM, dermatomyositis; DFS70/LEDGF, dense fine speckled/lens epithelium-derived growth factor; JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; MCTD, mixed connective tissue disease; MSA, mitotic spindle apparatus; PAPS, primary antiphospholipid syndrome; PBC, primary biliary cirrhosis; PCNA, proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PDH, phosphate dehydrogenase; PM, polymyositis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; Scl, scleroderma; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; snRNP, small nuclear ribonuclear protein; SRP, signal recognition particle; SSc, systemic sclerosis; SS, Sjögren’s syndrome; UCTD, undifferentiated connective tissue disease.
aModified from Agmon-Levin et al. [15].