Table 5.

Means, SDs, and one-way ANOVA comparison for traditional laboratory and research laboratory groups

POS scale	Traditional lab	Research lab	F(1,63)	d
My research project was interesting.	2.41 (0.87)	1.94 (0.83)	4.89**	0.55
My research project was exciting.	2.47 (0.84)	2.06 (1.05)	2.97*	0.43
The findings of my research project gave me a sense of personal achievement.	2.47 (1.02)	1.70 (0.68)	12.98***	0.90
To what extent does the word delighted describe your experience of the laboratory course?	2.94 (1.10)	2.27 (1.09)	5.92***	0.61
The research question I worked on was important to me.	2.72 (1.02)	2.33 (1.10)	2.12	0.36
To what extent does the word happy describe your experience of the laboratory course?	2.75 (1.14)	2.03 (0.85)	8.41***	0.72
To what extent does the word joyful describe your experience of the laboratory course?	3.06 (1.16)	2.33 (1.11)	6.70***	0.64
In conducting my research project, I actively sought advice and assistance.	2.28 (1.02)	1.61 (0.70)	9.65**	0.77
To what extent does the word astonished describe your experience of the laboratory course?	3.63 (1.26)	3.58 (1.09)	0.28	0.04
To what extent does the word surprised describe your experience of the laboratory course?	3.28 (1.22)	3.15 (1.00)	0.22	0.11
To what extent does the word amazed describe your experience of the laboratory course?	2.94 (1.24)	2.64 (1.02)	1.14	0.26
I faced challenges that I managed to overcome in completing my research project.	2.41 (0.95)	1.94 (0.86)	4.32**	0.51
My findings were important to the scientific community.	2.88 (1.07)	2.21 (0.74)	8.48***	0.74
My research will help to solve a problem in the world.	3.03 (1.1)	2.42 (0.91)	5.98***	0.60
I was responsible for the outcomes of my research.	2.25 (1.27)	1.76 (0.87)	3.35*	0.45
I had a personal reason for choosing the research project I worked on.	3.34 (1.18)	3.18 (1.23)	0.29	0.13

Five-point Likert scale: 1 = strongly agree to 5 = strongly disagree.

*p < 0.10.

**p < 0.05.

***p < 0.01.