Figure 4. The mechanism of intronic (CA)_n splicing regulator in rs10886471.

The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP L) is specifically bound to diverse CA elements. ^{10, 13} It contains four RNA recognition motifs (RRMs) that bind to CA repeats. The crystal structures of hnRNP L RRMs at 2.0 and 1.8 Å has been elucidated. ²⁰ The intronic (CA)_n repeats in GRK5 rs10886471 act as splicing enhancers or repressors and their yin–yang effect on T2DM depends on the CA repeat number. Intronic SNPs that affect gene expression may be mediated by LD with intronic STR (CA)_n regulators.