Figure 2.

Lipid metabolism and LD formation. LD biogenesis requires coordination of fatty acid activation by acyl-CoA synthetases (green box), de novo synthesis of neutral lipids (orange box), the Lands cycle of phospholipid remodeling (purple box), the Kennedy pathway of phospholipid synthesis (blue box), and the function of accessory proteins (gray box). The enzymes involved in these pathways are indicated with red (mammal) and yellow letters (yeast), the acyl-CoA with purple letters, the lipid intermediates with black letters, and other required molecules with blue letters. See details of lipolysis mechanisms in Zechner et al. (2012).