Figure 9.
Proposed mechanism for the anticancer effect of phospho-aspirin-2 in TNBC. PA-2 inhibits TNBC through (i) inhibition of EGFR phosphorylation and attenuation of downstream signaling cascades (STAT3 and PI3K/Akt); (ii) acetylation of p53, which enhances p53 DNA-binding activity, p21 expression and cell cycle arrest; and (iii) induction of oxidative stress and alteration of the Trx system; which culminate in the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in TNBC.