. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 4.

Published in final edited form as: J Biol Rhythms. 2011 Jun;26(3):200–209. doi: 10.1177/0748730411401740

Table 2.

Circadian rhythms in gene expression in WT and VIP-deficient mice.

Tissue	Gene	Genotype	Time v. Expression	Amplitude
SCN	Per1	WT	F_4,19 = 21.09, p < 0.001	5.08 ± 0.37
		VIP KO	F_4,19 = 3.66, p = 0.04	1.83 ± 0.21^*
	Per2	WT	F_4,25 = 5.17, p = 0.005	2.47 ± 0.44
		VIP KO	F_4,19 = 1.98, p = 0.15	2.21 ± 0.58
	Bmal1	WT	F_4,25 = 5.05, p = 0.005	2.43 ± 0.24
		VIP KO	F_4,19 = 0.18, p = 0.68	1.14 ± 0.08^*

Adrenal glands	Per1	WT	F_4,27 = 4.46, p = 0.008	8.50 ± 2.50
Adrenal glands		VIP KO	F_4,25 = 0.64, p = 0.64	1.69 ± 0.46^*
	Per2	WT	F_4,28 = 6.15, p = 0.001	11.65 ± 2.17
		VIP KO	F_4,24 = 4.95, p = 0.006	5.44 ± 1.41
	Bmal1	WT	F_4,28 = 45.81, p < 0.001	23.86 ± 3.15
		VIP KO	F_4,25 = 8.13, p < 0.001	8.55 ± 1.56^*

Liver	Per1	WT	F_4,25 = 10.45, p < 0.001	11.84 ± 2.54
		VIP KO	F_4,19 = 2.65, p = 0.08	9.02 ± 1.60
	Per2	WT	F_4,24 = 4.62, p = 0.008	22.21 ± 9.31
		VIP KO	F_4,19 = 11.92, p < 0.001	18.47 ± 3.20
	Bmal1	WT	F_4,24 = 17.93, p < 0.001	39.11 ± 7.46
		VIP KO	F_4,19 = 9.01, p < 0.001	1.99 ± 0.43^*

One-way ANOVA comparisons of time versus expression within genotypes are reported, along with the peak-to-trough amplitude for each gene.

p < 0.05.