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. 2014 Mar 4;5:55. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00055

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Copyright © 2014 Ma and Kanwal.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Stimulation-elicited production of social calls including an example of echolocation pulses emitted at rest (A) for purposes of comparison. Amplitude envelops (top) and spectrograms (below) are shown for each example. Call types produced consisted of simple syllables as well as composites as follows: (B): short Quasi CF (QCFs), (C): short true CF (TCFs), (D): single arched FM (sAFM), (E): bend upward FM (bUFM), (F): bent downward FM (bDFM), (G): single humped FM (sHFM), (H): stretched rippled FM (sRFM), (I): checked downward FM (cDFM), (J): short wrinkled FM (WFMs), (K): fixed sinusoidal FM (fSFM), (L): rectangular broadband NB (rBNB), (M): bUFM-long TCF, (N): NB-DFM, (O): NB-SFM, (P): DFM-NB.