Table 3.
Summary of clinical trials evaluating radiopharmaceuticals.
| Radionuclide | Cancer | Trial | Pain response | Survival |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Phosphorous-32 (32P) | ||||
| Nair [29] | Breast, prostate, lung, and other | 32P versus 89Sr | >50% reduction in pain in 93.3% of pts with 89Sr and 87.5% in 32P | Not reported |
| Strontium-89 (89Sr) | ||||
| Smeland et al. [30] | Prostate, breast, and other | RT + 89Sr versus RT + placebo | 30% versus 20% (NS) | 27 weeks versus 34 weeks (P = 0.6) |
| Porter and McEwan [31] | Prostate | RT + 89Sr versus RT + placebo | 30–60% (complete response) | |
| Lewington et al. [32] | Prostate | 89Sr versus placebo | Statistically significant decrease in pain | |
| Samarium-153 (153Sm) | ||||
| Serafini et al. [33] | Prostate, breast, lung, and other | 153Sm versus placebo | 72% | Not reported |
| Collins et al. [34] | Prostate | Phase I/II for 153Sm | 76% | |
| Resche et al. [35] | Prostate, breast, lung, and other | 153Sm 0.5 mCi/kg versus 153Sm 1.0 mCi/kg | 55% versus 70% at week 4 | |
| Radium-223 (223Ra) | ||||
| Parker et al. [39] | Prostate | 223Ra versus placebo | Median time to first symptomatic skeletal event: 15.6 mo. | 14.9 mo. versus 11.3 mo. (P < 0.001) |