Table 1. The Laser Irradiation Parameters.
| Laser type | Gallium Aluminum Arsenide (Ga-Al-As) semiconductor diode laser |
| Laser mode | Continuous wave |
| Mean power output (mW) | 190 |
| Beam area (cm2) | ≦0.5 |
| Power density (mW/cm2) | 380 |
| Fluence at the targeted area (J/cm2) | 8 |
| Transcutaneous fluence (J/cm2) | 72 |
| Anatomical location | L4 and L5 dorsal roots |
| Mode of application | Transcutaneous irradiation* |
| Irradiated area (cm2) | 0.5 |
| Irradiation time per point (sec) | 207 |
| Irradiation treatment | once a day |
* The irradiation time was calculated according to the penetration rate measured by power meter. The penetration rate to DRG area is 11%.