Table 1.
Basic Data for All Patients Enrolled
| Variable | Low-dose group | High-dose group | Placebo | PA | PHP | PLP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 59 | 53 | 57 | |||
| Age (years) | 54.9±11.9 | 55.7±10.8 | 56.8±9.5 | 0.606 | 0.542 | 0.342 |
| Gender, male (%) | 32 (54.2%) | 27 (50.9%) | 32 (56.1%) | 0.859 | 0.585 | 0.837 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2±3.4 | 23.1±3.1 | 24.5±3.1 | 0.038 | 0.019 | 0.034 |
| Biochemistry | ||||||
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.8±0.3 | 0.9±0.4 | 0.8±0.3 | 0.233 | 0.130 | 0.808 |
| AST (U/L) | 46.3±36.3 | 43.6±26.6 | 43.5±29.8 | 0.877 | 0.647 | 0.965 |
| ALT (U/L) | 44.4±43.8 | 40.1±28.1 | 38.2±29.9 | 0.923 | 0.693 | 0.888 |
| Blood urine nitrogen (mg/dL) | 12.6±4.3 | 12.4±3.2 | 12.0±3.7 | 0.557 | 0.470 | 0.605 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 6.3±2.1 | 5.9±1.7 | 6.1±1.8 | 0.042 | 0.442 | 0.066 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.82±0.20 | 0.80±0.21 | 0.80±0.19 | 0.841 | 0.869 | 0.648 |
| Prothrombin time (s) | 10.7±0.8 | 10.7±0.8 | 10.7±0.7 | 0.932 | 0.898 | 0.808 |
| Alfa-fetoprotein (ng/mL) | 6.1±5.2 | 6.8±12.8 | 7.7±8.5 | 0.845 | 0.744 | 0.950 |
| TSH (mIU/L) | 1.90±1.19 | 2.90±5.02 | 2.01±1.47 | 0.787 | 0.667 | 0.749 |
| Free T4 (μg/dL) | 1.07±0.25 | 1.04±0.26 | 1.06±0.32 | 0.725 | 0.704 | 0.381 |
| Fasting blood sugar (mg/dL) | 97.3±13.6 | 101.5±19.2 | 100.9±19.8 | 0.643 | 0.520 | 0.637 |
| Hemogram | ||||||
| Red blood cells (×106/μL) | 3.53±0.56 | 3.33±0.63 | 3.50±0.65 | 0.183 | 0.171 | 0.753 |
| White blood cells (×103/μL) | 2.98±0.98 | 2.71±1.02 | 2.77±0.90 | 0.198 | 0.412 | 0.351 |
| Platelet (×103/μL) | 147.9±54.7 | 137.7±70.6 | 133.9±51.6 | 0.283 | 0.820 | 0.162 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.9±1.7 | 10.2±1.8 | 10.9±1.8 | 0.084 | 0.061 | 0.956 |
A, among 3 groups; HP, high-dose versus placebo group; LP, low-dose versus placebo group; BMI, body mass index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone.