Table 1.

MDG-related cost-effective interventions for primary health care in developing countries

Cost-effective interventions:	MDG Goals
-Promotion of reproductive health and family planning	4,5
-Promotion of appropriate care-seeking and antenatal care in pregnancy	4,5
-Promotion of skilled care for childbirth	4,5
-Exclusive breastfeeding advice and support	4
Preventive interventions:
-Provision/availability of contraceptives for birth spacing	1,4,5
-Cord care and clean delivery kits	4,5
-Iron, folate or multiple micronutrient supplementation in pregnancy	4,5
-Balanced protein-energy supplements during pregnancy in food-insecure populations	1,4,5
-Calcium supplementation for PIH	4,5
-Low dose aspirin in high risk pregnancies	4,5
-Anti-retrovirals in HIV-infected individuals and PMTCT	4,5,6
-Antibiotics for premature rupture of membranes	4,5
-Antenatal steroids for those at risk of pre-term birth	4,5
-EPI (including new vaccines for HIB, pneumococcal and rotavirus)	4
-Vitamin A supplementation in children	4
-Zinc supplementation in children for prevention of diarrhoea and pneumonia	4
-Insecticide treated bed-nets for family	4,5,6
-Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnant women and children (IPT)	4,5,6
-*Household-level water storage and disinfection*	4,5,6,7
Treatment interventions:
-Promotion and use of skilled birth attendants at health facilities	4,5
-Interventions for prevention of post-partum haemorrhage and use of oxytocics.	4,5
-Basic newborn resuscitation with bag and mask	4
-Improved diarrhoea management (zinc and ORT)	4
-Community detection and treatment of pneumonia with short course amoxicillin	4
-Improved case management of malaria (including ACTs)	6
-Recognition, triage and treatment of severe malnutrition in affected children in the community setting	1,4
-*Active case identification of TB in households and treatment with DOTs	6

Adapted from Bhutta et al. [6].

*denotes additional new items of relevance to Timor-Leste context.