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Representation of the histone octamer illustrating the processes of histone acetylation and DNA methylation. Histone acetylation is regulated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) that add acetyl groups (Ac) to lysine residues (K) on histone tails, and histone deacetylases (HDACs) that remove acetyl groups from lysine residues. During DNA methylation, DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) add methyl groups to cytosine residues within CpG islands on DNA. Adapted with permission from (58).
