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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2013 Dec 27;0:61–78. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.12.006

Figure 2. Physiological and Psychological Systems that integrate Pain Behaviors.

Figure 2

Physiological systems including stress-related hormones and brain systems that control these, sleep-wake processes as well as those sensory systems that respond to tissue damage clearly contribute to alterations in neural networks. Some physiological changes can be either objectively measured or reasonably easily interpreted (e.g., pain intensity). Psychological systems to so in a less obvious manner until a forme fruste behavioral aberration is present. These changes alter our normal network profile that is dependent on genetic, epigenetic and live experience to modify behaviors. Clearly the two processes in pain are integrated and result in aberrant behaviors.