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Effect of BCG on innate immune cytokines. PBMCs isolated from 18 volunteers before and after (2 weeks, 3 months and 1 year) vaccination were stimulated in vitro with sonicated MTB (a), heat-killed C. albicans yeast (b) and LPS (c, d). TNFα (a-c) and IL-1β (d) production was assessed by ELISA in the supernatants. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.
