Figure 1.
A) Top panel shows the stages of mammalian metanephric nephron development from a pretubular aggregate to an early nephron. Bottom panel shows an overview of zebrafish pronephros formation from the intermediate mesoderm. B) Postulated genetic pathway during early nephrogenesis showing the hierarchical relationship between Pax2/8, Hnf1b, Notch pathway, and Irx genes and their proposed roles in directing the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) of nephron progenitors and proximo-distal segmentation. Abbreviations: CM, cap mesenchyme; UB, ureteric bud; pod, podocytes; PT, proximal tubule; TL, thin limb; TAL, thick ascending limb; DCT, distal convoluted tubule; CT, connecting tubule; CD, collecting duct. PCT, proximal convoluted tubule; PST, proximal straight tubule; DE, distal early tubule; DL, distal late tubule; C, Cloaca.