Table 2. Molecular signatures in avian influenza viruses (possibly) affecting airborne transmission between ferrets.
| Study | Influenza virus | Protein | Mutations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sorrell et al.29 | H9N2 (Human H3N2 backbone) | HA | HA T189Aa–Q226L–G192R (HA2) |
| NA | I28Vb | ||
| Imai et el.14 | H5 (A(H1N1)pdm09 backbone) | HA | N158D–N220K–Q226L–T315I |
| Herfst et al.15 | H5N1 | HA | H110Yc–T160Ac–Q226Lc–G228Sc |
| PB2 | E627Kc | ||
| PB1 | H99Y–I368V | ||
| NP | R99K–S345N | ||
| Chen et al.97 | H5 (Human H3N2 NA) | HA | Q192R–Q226L–G228S |
a
All HA mutations are in H3 numbering.
b
N2 numbering.
c
Five amino-acid substitutions were consistently detected in airborne-transmissible virus isolates.