Table 1.
Prevalence of use of one or more supplements including multivitamins at baseline (1986) and follow-up (2006) in the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS)
| NHS |
HPFS |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | 2006 | 1986 | 2006 | |||||||||
| Total no. of supplements |
Any supplementa |
Multivitamins useb |
Any supplement |
Multivitamins use |
Any supplement |
Multivitamins use |
Any supplement |
Multivitamins use |
||||
| No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | |||||
| 0 | 21,261 (28.7) | 21,261 (28.7) | 5,640 ( 7.6) | 7,747 (11.7) | 7,747 (11.7) | 8,614 (13.0) | 22,010 (43.6) | 22,010 (43.6) | 6,126 (12.1) | 5,463 (19.3) | 5,463 (19.3) | 7,384 (26.0) |
| 1 | 18,399 (24.8) | 12,759 (17.2) | 9,856 (13.3) | 11,945 (18.0) | 3,331 ( 5.0) | 12,083 (18.3) | 10,666 (21.1) | 4,540 ( 9.0) | 5,122 (10.1) | 8,522 (30.0) | 1,138 ( 4.0) | 4,457 (15.7) |
| 2–3 | 22,285 (30.0) | 5,868 ( 7.9) | 10,200 (13.8) | 28,105 (42.4) | 4,177 ( 6.3) | 18,951 (28.6) | 9,817 (19.4) | 1,650 ( 3.3) | 4,931 ( 9.8) | 8,288 (29.2) | 888 ( 3.1) | 4,828 (17.0) |
| 4–5 | 7,101 ( 9.6) | 1,300 ( 1.7) | 3,581 ( 4.8) | 12,232 (18.5) | 1,201 ( 1.8) | 6,145 ( 9.3) | 3,479 ( 6.9) | 375 ( 0.7) | 2,054 ( 4.1) | 3,454 (12.2) | 356 ( 1.3) | 1,961 ( 6.9) |
| ≥ 6 | 5,148 ( 6.9) | 881 ( 1.2) | 2,848 ( 3.8) | 6,193 ( 9.4) | 853 ( 1.3) | 3,120 ( 4.7) | 4,525 ( 9.0) | 357 ( 0.7) | 3,332 ( 6.6) | 2,632 ( 9.3) | 338 ( 1.2) | 1,546 ( 5.5) |
| Total | 74,194 (100) | 42,069 (56.7) | 32,125 (43.3) | 66,222 (100) | 17,309 (26.1) | 48,913 (73.9) | 50,497 (100) | 28,932 (57.3) | 21,565 (42.7) | 28,359 (100) | 8,183 (28.9) | 20,176 (71.1) |
no. (%)
a
including multivitamins, vitamin A, β-carotene, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B6, folic acid, vitamin B complex, calcium, iron, selenium, zinc, and magnesium
b
multivitamins was excluded in total number of supplements.