Figure 1.

Apoptotic effects of NTP on HNC cells. (a) Photograph of a plasma jet, schematic diagram of the plasma system, and image of a plasma jet. (b) Various HNC cells were analyzed 24 h after treatment with NTP by staining with Annexin V/PI. (c) Apoptosis of FaDu cells was determined by the TUNEL method using a detection kit. (d) The cell lysates were then separated by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotted with anti-p-JNK, p-p38, p-ERK, cleaved caspase-3, and PARP antibodies. Scale bar denotes 50 μm. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001