Table 2.
Test | Route | Dose | Possible in vivo effects | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Human | p.o. | 330 mg | Mobilization of leukocytes | [12] |
Human | p.o. | 100 mg | Immune modulation | [15] |
Rabbit | i.v. | 10 mg/kg | Decreased influx of leukocytes into cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis | [58] |
Mice | i.v. i.p. |
50 mg/kg 50 mg/kg |
Mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor stem cells (HPCs) | [61,62,63] |
Rat | i.p. | 25 mg/kg | Inhibition of extravasation of macrophages and CD4+ T cells to myocardium | [64] |
Mice | p.o. | 200 mg/kg | Th1 switch in Leishmania infection | [65] |
Mice | i.p. | 50 mg/kg | Improvement of pulmonary inflammation | [66] |
Rat | i.p. | 50 mg/kg | Inhibition of leukocyte infiltration in ischemic lesion | [67] |
Mice | i.v. | 10 mg/kg | Inhibition of infiltration of γδ T cells in pleural cavity | [68] |
Mice | p.o. | 0.05% (w/w) in mouse chow |
Improvement of chronic colitis | [69] |
Mice | i.v. | 25 mg/kg | Inhibition of leukocyte rolling | [70] |
Rat | p.o. | 100 mg/kg | Decreased infiltration of neutrophils in myocardial infarct size | [71] |
Cat | i.v. | 25 mg/kg | Inhibition of leukocyte rolling | [72] |