Table 2.

In vivo effects of fucoidan on leukocytes in various disease models.

Test	Route	Dose	Possible in vivo effects	References
Human	p.o.	330 mg	Mobilization of leukocytes	[12]
Human	p.o.	100 mg	Immune modulation	[15]
Rabbit	i.v.	10 mg/kg	Decreased influx of leukocytes into cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis	[58]
Mice	i.v. i.p.	50 mg/kg 50 mg/kg	Mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor stem cells (HPCs)	[61,62,63]
Rat	i.p.	25 mg/kg	Inhibition of extravasation of macrophages and CD4+ T cells to myocardium	[64]
Mice	p.o.	200 mg/kg	Th1 switch in Leishmania infection	[65]
Mice	i.p.	50 mg/kg	Improvement of pulmonary inflammation	[66]
Rat	i.p.	50 mg/kg	Inhibition of leukocyte infiltration in ischemic lesion	[67]
Mice	i.v.	10 mg/kg	Inhibition of infiltration of γδ T cells in pleural cavity	[68]
Mice	p.o.	0.05% (w/w) in mouse chow	Improvement of chronic colitis	[69]
Mice	i.v.	25 mg/kg	Inhibition of leukocyte rolling	[70]
Rat	p.o.	100 mg/kg	Decreased infiltration of neutrophils in myocardial infarct size	[71]
Cat	i.v.	25 mg/kg	Inhibition of leukocyte rolling	[72]