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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Microb Pathog. 2013 Dec 17;66:36–39. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2013.12.002

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Putative reductases and oxidases of ubiquinone (UQ) predicted from the V. cholerae O395N1 and N16961 genomes are shown. Green represents the components present both in V. cholerae and human ETC. Orange represents the components that are not present in human ETC. The UQ reductase activity of NQR (VC2290-95) is coupled by the NADH oxidation and sodium extrusion activity. The UQ reductase activities of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) (VC2088-91) and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GlpD) (VCA0657) are coupled to the oxidation of succinate and glycerol-3-P to fumarate and dehyroxyacetone-P, respectively. Other bacteria-specific respiration-linked dehydrogenases [such as Ndh2 (VC1890), L-lactate dehydrogenase (VCA0984), and D-amino acid dehydrogenase (VC0786)] are shown collectively (DHs). The bd-type cytochrome (bd cyt) oxidase-1 (VC1843-44) and oxidase-2 (VCA0872-73) oxidize the reduced form of UQ coupled to oxygen reduction and proton efflux activities. The ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase (Fe/S bc1) (VC0573-75) also oxidizes the reduced form of UQ and the reaction is coupled with the cytochrome c4 (C) reduction and proton efflux activities. The reduced form of C is oxidized by cytochrome C (cytC) oxidase and the reaction is coupled to oxygen reduction and proton efflux activities.