Table 2.
Diagnostic accuracy of urine LAM and/or sputum smear microscopy (AFB) testing for culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis
| |
Sensitivity |
Specificity |
LR Positive |
LR Negative |
Positive PV |
Negative PV |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % (95% CI) | N | % (95% CI) | (95% CI) | (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
|
Urine LAM alone | ||||||||
| All participants |
17/60 |
28.3 (17.5-41.4) |
254/282 |
90.1 (86.0-93.3) |
2.85 (1.67-4.87) |
0.80 (0.68-0.94) |
37.8 (23.8-53.5) |
85.5 (81.0-89.3) |
| CD4 ≥ 100 cells/mm3 |
5/20 |
25.0 (9.0-49.0) |
153/167 |
91.6 (86.3-95.3) |
2.98 (1.20-7.41) |
0.82 (0.63-1.06) |
26.3 (9.0-51.2) |
91.1 (85.7-94.9) |
| CD4 < 100 cells/mm3 |
12/32 |
37.5 (21.1-56.3) |
53/61 |
86.9 (75.8-94.2) |
2.86 (1.30-6.27) |
0.72 (0.54-0.96) |
60.0 (36.1-80.9) |
72.6 (60.9-82.4) |
|
Sputum AFB alone | ||||||||
| All participants |
11/60 |
18.3 (9.5-30.4) |
269/282 |
95.4 (92.3-97.5) |
3.98 (1.87-8.44) |
0.86 (0.76-0.97) |
45.8 (25.6-67.2) |
85.6 (80.2-88.4) |
| CD4 ≥ 100 cells/mm3 |
4/20 |
20.0 (5.7-43.7) |
158/167 |
94.6 (90.0-97.5) |
3.68 (1.25-10.89) |
0.85 (0.68-1.06) |
30.8 (9.0-61.4) |
90.8 (85.4-94.6) |
| CD4 < 100 cells/mm3 |
4/32 |
12.5 (3.5-29.0) |
60/61 |
98.4 (91.2-99.9) |
7.63 (0.89-65.40) |
0.89 (0.78-1.02) |
80.0 (28.4-99.5) |
68.2 (57.4-77.7) |
|
Urine LAM or sputum AFB* | ||||||||
| All participants |
23/60 |
38.3 (26.0-51.8) |
242/282 |
85.8 (81.1-89.7) |
2.70 (1.76-4.16) |
0.72 (0.59-0.88) |
36.5 (24.7-49.6) |
86.7 (82.2-90.5) |
| CD4 ≥ 100 cells/mm3 |
7/20 |
35.0 (15.4-59.2) |
145/167 |
86.8 (80.6-91.5) |
2.64 (1.29-5.39) |
0.75 (0.54-1.04) |
24.1 (10.3-43.5) |
91.7 (86.3-95.5) |
| CD4 < 100 cells/mm3 | 13/32 | 40.6 (23.7-59.4) | 52/61 | 85.3 (73.8-93.0) | 2.75 (1.32-5.74) | 0.70 (0.51-0.94) | 59.1 (36.4-79.3) | 73.2 (61.4-83.1) |
*Test considered positive if either Urine LAM or sputum AFB were positive.
LR = likelihood ratio; PV = predictive value; CI = confidence interval.