Table 1.
Prognostic factors and results of univariate analysis for predictors of pathologic nodal involvement in 273 patients with clinical stage T1aN0M0 lung adenocarcinomas
| Variable | Total (n = 273) | pN0 (n = 255) | pN1(n = 11) | pN2(n = 7) | P value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
0.643 |
| ≤59 |
112 |
103 |
6 |
3 |
|
| >59 |
161 |
152 |
5 |
4 |
|
| Gender |
|
|
|
|
0.857 |
| Female |
145 |
136 |
5 |
4 |
|
| Male |
128 |
119 |
6 |
3 |
|
| Smoking history |
|
|
|
|
0.916 |
| Never |
164 |
154 |
6 |
4 |
|
| Current or former |
109 |
101 |
5 |
3 |
|
| Symptoms |
|
|
|
|
0.001 |
| Absent |
228 |
218 |
5 |
5 |
|
| Present |
45 |
37 |
6 |
2 |
|
| Tumor size (cm) |
|
|
|
|
0.854 |
| ≤1.0 |
59 |
56 |
2 |
1 |
|
| >1.0, ≤2.0 |
214 |
199 |
9 |
6 |
|
| GGO status |
|
|
|
|
<0.001 |
| Pure GGO |
103 |
103 |
0 |
0 |
|
| GGO with minimal solid components (<5 mm) |
118 |
118 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Part-solid (solid parts >5 mm) |
|
|
|
|
|
| GGO predominant |
5 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Solid predominant |
8 |
6 |
1 |
1 |
|
| Pure solid |
39 |
23 |
10 |
6 |
|
| Pleural involvement |
|
|
|
|
0.024 |
| Negative |
183 |
176 |
5 |
2 |
|
| Positive |
90 |
79 |
6 |
5 |
|
| Air bronchogram sign |
|
|
|
|
0.546 |
| Absence |
157 |
147 |
5 |
5 |
|
| Presence |
116 |
108 |
6 |
2 |
|
| CEA (ng/mL) |
|
|
|
|
<0.001 |
| ≤5 |
209 |
204 |
3 |
2 |
|
| >5 |
64 |
51 |
8 |
5 |
|
| Pathologic type |
|
|
|
|
<0.001 |
| Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) |
78 |
78 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) |
133 |
133 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Invasive adenocarcinoma | 42 | 24 | 10 | 8 |
aP value in χ2 test or Fisher’s exact tests. CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; GGO, ground glass opacity.