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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurochem. 2013 Oct 24;128(4):523–535. doi: 10.1111/jnc.12464

Figure 3. Small molecule screen implicates CaMKII in ethanol-mediated neural crest death.

Figure 3

HH8 embryos were pretreated with the indicated effector of calcium signaling prior to 52 mM ethanol challenge. The number of LTR+ cells in r4 was quantified at HH12/13. Inhibitors selective for intracellular calcium (BAPTA-AM), calmodulin (calmidizolium, cazi), and CaMKII (myrAIP) prevented ethanol-mediated cell death, whereas inhibitors directed against GSK3β, calpain, JNK and Protein Kinase C did not affect cell death. Mean ± SD of 11–22 embryos per treatment group. * p < 0.001 vs. saline-DMSO control, ^ p < 0.001 vs. ethanol-DMSO using one-way ANOVA and Student-Newman-Kuels pairwise multiple comparisons.

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