Table 1.
Demography and clinical characteristics of early age acute leukaemia subtypes, Brazil, 2000-2010
| Total, n (%) | ALL (%) (n = 150) | AML (%) (n = 85) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Age (months) |
|
|
|
|
| ≤12 |
120 (51.1) |
82 (54.7) |
38 (44.7) |
0.14 |
| 13-24 |
115 (48.9) |
68 (45.3) |
47 (55.3) |
|
|
Gender |
|
|
|
|
| Male |
131 (55.7) |
78 (52.0) |
53 (62.4) |
0.12 |
| Female |
104 (44.3) |
72 (48.0) |
32 (37.6) |
|
|
Skin colour |
|
|
|
|
| White |
139 (59.9) |
92 (61.7) |
47 (56.6) |
0.44 |
| Non-White |
93 (40.1) |
57 (38.3) |
36 (43.4) |
|
|
WBC (x10
9
/L) |
|
|
|
|
| ≤50 |
106 (46.5) |
59 (40.4) |
47 (57.3) |
0.01 |
| >50 |
122 (53.5) |
87 (59.6) |
35 (42.7) |
|
|
Chromosomal alterations |
|
|
|
|
|
MLL
r
|
102 (77.3) |
73 (78.5) |
29 (74.4) |
0.006 |
|
ETV6-RUNX1 |
7 (5.3) |
7 (7.5) |
0 (0.0) |
|
| Hyperdiploidy |
6 (4.5) |
6 (6.5) |
0 (0.0) |
|
| Others |
17 (12.9) |
7 (7.5)a |
10 (25.6)b |
|
|
RAS
c
|
|
|
|
|
| Wild-type |
175 (74.5) |
105 (70.0) |
70 (82.4) |
0.03 |
| Mutated |
60 (25.5) |
45 (30.0) |
15 (17.6) |
|
|
BRAF
|
|
|
|
|
| Wild-type |
124 (99.2) |
61 (100.0) |
63 (98.4) |
1.00 |
| Mutated |
1 (0.8) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (1.6) |
|
|
FLT3
|
|
|
|
|
| Wild-type |
148 (93.1) |
88 (91.7) |
60 (95.2) |
0.52 |
| Mutated |
11 (6.9) |
8 (8.3) |
3 (4.8) |
|
|
NQO1
(rs1800566)
d
|
|
|
|
|
| CC |
97 (54.2) |
67 (53.6) |
30 (55.6) |
0.91 |
| CT |
70 (39.1) |
50 (40.0) |
20 (37.0) |
|
| TT | 12 (6.7) | 8 (6.4) | 4 (7.4) |
aFour pre-B ALL cases presenting the fusion transcript TCF3-PBX1, one pre-B ALL case presenting the cytogenetics t(2;14)(p10;q23), one pre-B ALL case presenting the cytogenetics t(5;15)(q12;q13) and one common ALL case presenting complex karyotype. bOne M4-AML presenting RUNX1-RUNX1T1 fusion transcript. Five M4-AML cases presenting CBFβ-MYH11 fusion transcript. One M3-AML presenting PML-RARa fusion transcript. One M0-AML, one M7-AML case and one AML case not otherwise specified presenting complex karyotype. AML subtypes according to FAB classification; cMutations in either KRAS or NRAS. dGenotype frequencies of NQO1 polymorphism. ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukaemia; AML: acute myeloid leukaemia; n: number of cases; WBC: white blood cell; MLL r : rearranged MLL.