Table 1.

Role of PLD2 in cancer signaling. Recent discoveries documenting the increasing importance of the PLD2 isoform as a crucial component of cancer signaling.

Phospholipase D2 (PLD2) and cancer

PLD2 contributes to the invasive phenotype of v-Src-transformed cells (Shen et al., 2002). Elevated PLD activity confers rapamycin resistance and survival signals in human bladder and lung cancer cells (Shi, 2007; Chen, 2003). Protein kinase Czeta activation by PLD2-PX domain promotes survival of breast cancer cells (Kim et al., 2005). The presence of elevated mutant p53 levels contributes to the cell survival signal that occurs as a result of high PLD activity (Hui et al., 2006). Increased expression of PLD2 correlates well with increased tumor size and increased mortality in humans (Saito M et al., 2007). Expression of PLD2 enhances processes favorable to lymphoma cell metastasis (Knoepp SM et al., 2008). Cell invasion of MTLn3 cells is dependent on PLD2 and JAK3 (Henkels et al., 2011). PLD2 overexpression leads to early breast cancer onset and larger lung metastasis. Silencing PLD2 does the opposite (Henkels et al., 2013).