Table 5.
Sociodemographic and Reproductive Factors Associated with Women’s Health Service Use in the Past Year Among Adult Women in the United States, by Time Period
| No GYN diagnosis | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diagnosed GYN problems | 1.4 | Model 1 1.1,1.9 | 1.3 | Model 2 0.9,1.8 | 0.9 | 0.8,1.1 |
| June 2006 – June 2008 (N=3,639)a |
July 2008 – June 2010 (N=4,070)a |
Interaction term for survey yearb |
||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Age group | ||||||
| 25–34 years | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 35–39 years | 0.5 | 0.4,0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4,0.9 | 1.1 | 0.9,1.3 |
| 40–44 years | 0.5 | 0.4,0.7 | 0.6 | 0.4,0.9 | 1.2 | 1.0,1.4 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| White | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Black | 1.4 | 1.0,2.1 | 1.4 | 1.0,1.8 | 1.1 | 0.9,1.4 |
| Hispanic | 1.0 | 0.6,1.6 | 1.2 | 0.8,1.7 | 1.1 | 0.9,1.3 |
| Other | 0.5 | 0.3,0.8 | 1.4 | 0.7,2.5 | 1.4 | 1.1,1.9 |
| Education level | ||||||
| <High school | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| High school diploma or GED | 1.0 | 0.7,1.5 | 0.9 | 0.7,1.3 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.2 |
| Some college | 1.4 | 1.0,2.0 | 1.2 | 0.9,1.6 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.2 |
| ≥Bachelor’s degree | 1.6 | 1.1,2.4 | 1.5 | 1.0,2.3 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.2 |
| Residence | ||||||
| Rural | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Urban | 0.8 | 0.5,1.3 | 1.2 | 0.8,1.9 | 1.2 | 1.0,1.4 |
| Suburban | 0.7 | 0.5,1.1 | 0.9 | 0.6,1.4 | 1.0 | 0.9,1.3 |
| Born inside U.S. | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Born outside U.S. | 1.3 | 0.9,1.9 | 1.0 | 0.7,1.5 | 1.0 | 0.9,1.3 |
| ≥200% federal poverty level | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| <200% federal poverty level | 0.7 | 0.5,0.9 | 0.7 | 0.5,0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9,1.2 |
| Unemployed | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Employed | 1.2 | 0.9,1.5 | 1.3 | 1.0,1.7 | 1.0 | 0.9,1.2 |
| Fully insured last year | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Uninsured any time last year | 0.5 | 0.4,0.7 | 0.4 | 0.3,0.5 | 0.9 | 0.8,1.0 |
| Religious service attendance | ||||||
| ≥Weekly | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| <Weekly | 1.1 | 0.8,1.6 | 1.0 | 0.7,1.3 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.2 |
| Never | 0.8 | 0.5,1.1 | 0.7 | 0.5,0.9 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.2 |
| Relationship status | ||||||
| Cohabiting | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Not cohabitating or married | 1.0 | 0.6,1.6 | 0.7 | 0.5,0.9 | 0.9 | 0.7,1.2 |
| Married | 0.8 | 0.5,1.3 | 0.5 | 0.4,0.8 | 0.9 | 0.7,1.1 |
| Previously married | 1.0 | 0.5,1.7 | 0.9 | 0.5,1.4 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.3 |
| Sexually active in last year | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Sexually inactive in last year | 0.5 | 0.4,0.8 | 0.4 | 0.3,0.6 | 1.1 | 0.8,1.3 |
| Never pregnant | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Ever pregnant | 1.3 | 0.7,1.3 | 1.4 | 0.8,2.3 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.2 |
| Parity | ||||||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| 1 | 1.1 | 0.5,2.2 | 0.9 | 0.5,1.5 | 0.9 | 0.7,1.2 |
| ≥2 | 0.8 | 0.4,1.3 | 0.8 | 0.5,1.2 | 1.0 | 0.8,1.2 |
| Reproductive Intentions | ||||||
| Wants (more) children | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||
| Does not want (more) children | 1.0 | 0.8,1.3 | 0.9 | 0.7,1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0,1.5 |
Abbreviations: confidence interval (CI); gynecological (GYN); odds ratio (OR)
Results are presented as adjusted ORs and 95% CIs from full multivariable logistic regression models for women’s health service use (yes/no) in June 2006–June 2008 (n=3,639) and July 2008– June 2010 (4,070).
A single sampling strata (#156) was dropped due to insufficient sample size in year-stratified models.
Interaction term for survey year is continuous year by each sociodemographic variable. Interaction models treating survey year as categorical term by each sociodemographic variable were also examined with similar results and so not shown here.