Table 2.
Demographic and etiological characteristics in patients with and without electrographic seizures
| Category | Total population (with and without electrographic seizures) |
No electrographic seizures |
Electrographic seizures |
Difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years during the SE episode (years) (N=98) | Median (p25–p75) | 5 (2–12.4) | 4.3 (2.2–12.4) | 6.3 (1.9–11.9) | WRS z= − 0.121 p= 0.9035 |
| Mean (SD) | 6.9 (5.9) | 6.9 (6.1) | 7.1 (5.3) | ||
| Range | 0.25–21 | 0.3–21 | 0.25–16 | ||
| Sex (N=98) | Male | 53 (54.1%) | 36 (54.6%) | 17 (53.1%) | PCS= 0.0175 p= 0.895 |
| Female | 45 (45.9%) | 30 (45.5%) | 15 (46.9%) | ||
| Etiologic acute neurologic disorder (N=98) | Epilepsy related | 60 (61.2%) | 36 (54.6%) | 24 (75%) | PCS= 4.3679 p= 0.113 |
| Acute symptomatic non-structural | 24 (24.5%) | 20 (30.3%) | 4 (12.5%) | ||
| Acute symptomatic structural | 14 (14.3%) | 10 (15.2%) | 4 (12.5%) | ||
| Prior developmental delay/intellectual disability (N=98) | Yes | 59 (60.2%) | 37 (26.1%) | 22 (68.8%) | PCS= 1.7552 p= 0.416 |
| No | 38 (38.8%) | 28 (42.4%) | 10 (31.3%) | ||
| Unknown | 1 (1%) | 1 (1.5%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Prior diagnosis of epilepsy (N=98) | Yes | 56 (57.1%) | 33 (50%) | 23 (71.9%) | PCS= 7.0867 p= 0.029 |
| No | 41 (41.8%) | 33 (50%) | 8 (25%) | ||
| Unknown | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3.1%) | ||
| Mortality (N=98) | Alive | 94 (95.9%) | 63 (95.5%) | 31 (96.9%) | PCS= 0.1111 p= 0.739 |
| Dead | 4 (4.1%) | 3 (4.6%) | 1 (3.1%) | ||
| Specific etiologies of convulsive SE^ | Epilepsy | 60 | 36 | 24 | |
| New Diagnosis of epilepsy | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||
| Prior diagnosis of epilepsy | 56 | 33 | 23 | ||
| Focal | 22 | 13 | 9 | ||
| Generalized | 16 | 8 | 8 | ||
| Mixed | 14 | 9 | 5 | ||
| Unknown | 4 | 3 | 1 | ||
| Brain malformation | 7 | 6 | 1 | ||
| Inflammatory/autoimmune disease of the CNS | 7 | 4 | 3 | ||
| Metabolic | 6 | 3 | 3 | ||
| Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
| Tumor | 2 | 2 | 0 | ||
| CNS infection | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Sepsis | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||
| Traumatic brain injury | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Stroke | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Toxin | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Unknown diagnosis | 4 | 2 | 2 | ||
| Baseline conditions^ | Epileptic encephalopathy | 21 | 12 | 9 | |
| Prior neurologic disorder (not epilepsy or developmental delay/intellectual disability) | 42 | 30 | 12 | ||
^
Numbers do not sum up to 98 as one patient may have had more than one condition.
Legend: CNS: Central nervous system. EEG: Electroencephalogram. PCS: Pearson chisquare. SE: Status epilepticus. WRS: Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test.