Table 3.

Mean (per participant) methadone treatment benefit ($2010)^a for Total Sample (N=200)

Variable	Total Sample (N=200)	Difference in means pre-post	Monetary value ($2010) per unit change	Mean treatment benefitb ($)	SE	95% CI (Lower, Upper)
Days in emergency room for physical problem
12 months prior to baseline	0.14
12 months following baseline	0.18	−0.03	$813c	−$24	$35	(−$93; $45)
Days in emergency room for psychiatric problem
12 months prior to baseline	0.01
12 months following baseline	0.02	−0.01	$813c	−$8	$10	(−$33; $8)
Days hospitalized for physical problem
12 months prior to baseline	0.56
12 months following baseline	0.76	−0.20	$2,560d	−$512	$635	(−$1,728; $755)
Days hospitalized for psychiatric problem
12 months prior to baseline	0.04
12 months following baseline	0.00	0.04	$1,794e	$72	$61	($9; $215)
Days in residential treatment
12 months prior to baseline	2.80
12 months following baseline	0.56	2.24	$126f	$282	$171	(−$10; $654)
Days incarcerated (jail or prison)
12 months prior to baseline	39.04
12 months following baseline	9.45	29.59	$89g	$2650	$568	($1,563; $3,796)
Number of arrests
12 months prior to baseline	0.56 h
12 months following baseline	0.52	0.05	$4,568i	$206	$327	(−$457; $845)
Legal income
12 months prior to baseline	$6437
12 months prior to 12-month	$7975	−$1,538	$1 j	$1,538	$451	($588; $2,350)
Total				$4,202

Note: N = 200 because 30 participants did not have complete data for the follow-up period. 95% confidence intervals (shown in parentheses) were bootstrapped using the percentile method and 10,000 replicate samples.

^aPositive values assigned to all differences that represent treatment benefits. Societal perspective is adopted.

^bNumbers might not be exact due to rounding of the mean values.

^cPer visit cost based on an estimate from French and Martin (1996) and updated to 2010 using the All Items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

^dValue represents the average cost for a hospital day for the four most commonly used hospitals by study participants.

^eValue represents the average cost for a psychiatric hospital day for manic depressive disorder for the four most commonly used hospitals by study participants.

^fMean average cost per day for inpatient residential treatment estimated by French et al., 2002 and updated to 2010 using the All Items CPI.

^gValue represents cost per prison day (staff time, food, medical, support and overhead cost) based on Maryland Department of Legislative Services (2008) and updated to 2010 using the All Items CPI.

^hThese data were obtained from public arrest data base.

ⁱCost per arrest includes cost associated with investigation and arrest, booking, screening and filing, arraignment, and pretrial hearings, but not pre-trial incarceration. Value is based on data from Cohen et al (1994) and updated to 2010 using the Consumer Price Index.

^jConversion factor equals 1 given the variable is already in monetary units.