Table 1. Epidemiological parameters.

These parameters value were used in the analysis unless indicated otherwise.

Symbol	Parameter	Value (references)
bm	Birth rate of mosquitoes	*Calibrated for constant population*
dO	Death rate of mosquitoes	0.042 d−1 (44–48)
bh	Birth rate of humans	*Calibrated for constant population*
dh	Death rate of humans	0.0000165 d−1 (49)
χ	Proportion of dengue infections that are symptomatic	0.2 (28, 50, 51)
ε	Rate of loss of maternal antibodies	0.0075 d−1 (52, 53)
δ	Rate of loss of cross-immunity	0.0055 d−1 (4, 24, 28)
γ	Dengue fever (non-DHF) recovery rate	0.1429 d−1 (28, 52, 53)
η1	Rate of developing DHF after primary infection	0.002 d−1 (8)
η2	Rate of developing DHF after secondary/tertiary/quaternary infection	Age-dependent data (31)
α	Risk of death from DHF	0.01 (54)
φ	DHF recovery rate	0.2 d−1 (52)
c	Biting rate (number of bites per mosquito per day)	0.7 $\frac{\mathit{\text{bites}}}{\mathit{\text{mosquitoes}}*d}$ (55)
σi	Relative probability of being susceptible to new infection after having i previous infections	$1-\frac{i}{4}$
β0	Percentage of human infected per bite	0.5 $\frac{\mathit{\text{human}}}{\mathit{\text{bite}}}$ (53, 56)
βm	Percentage of mosquito infected per bite	0.9 $\frac{\mathit{\text{mosquito}}}{\mathit{\text{bite}}}$ (53, 56)
${\kappa }_{\mathit{\text{out}}}^a$	Rate of aging out of age group a	Proportional to the length of age group a
${\kappa }_{\mathit{\text{In}}}^a$	Rate of aging into age group a	Proportional to the length of age group a−1
πa	Age-dependent relative probability of mosquito-to-human transmission	Thailand: πa = 1; Brazil: π1 = 0.1, π2 = 0.2, π3 = 0.3, π4 = 0.8, πj = 1, j = 5,6,7. *Calibrated to fit DHF profiles*
$P_{\mathit{\text{vac}}}^a$	Proportion of vaccinated individuals in age group a	Varied
Veff	Vaccine efficacy	0.75