Table 4.

Cox proportional hazards analysis of all-cause mortality for HIV-TB co-infected patients (N=768)

Variable	Follow up in person- years	Deaths	Unadjusted HR	P-value	Adjusted HR	95 % CI	P-value
Age at ART initiation, years
≤30	854	19	1		1
30–41	1463	31	0.96	0.886	1.14	(0.63, 2.04)	0.667
>41	657	20	1.38	0.311	1.62	(0.84, 3.15)	0.151
Sex
Male	2332	61	1		1
Female	641	9	0.53	0.075	0.52	(0.25, 1.06)	0.072
Reported exposure route of HIV infection
Heterosexual contact	2235	44	1		1
Homosexual contact	290	4	0.70	0.503	0.55	(0.19, 1.53)	0.252
Injecting drug use	311	17	2.27	0.005	1.96	(1.05, 3.66)	0.035
Other/unknown	136	5	1.72	0.252	1.42	(0.56, 3.61)	0.464
Prior AIDS diagnosis at ART initiation
No	2547	57	1		1
Yes	426	13	1.39	0.284	1.68	(0.90, 3.12)	0.102
Hepatitis B co-infection
No	1804	30	1		1
Yes	187	5	1.64	0.306	1.47	(0.57, 3.83)	0.425
Not tested	982	35	2.17	0.002	2.60	(1.58, 4.28)	<0.001
Hepatitis C co-infection
No	1304	23	1		1
Yes	320	10	1.47	0.310	0.70	(0.28, 1.71)	0.431
Not tested	1349	37	1.51	0.118	1.05	(0.47, 2.38)	0.902
CD4 T-cell count (cells/µL) at TB diagnosis
≤100	716	22	1		1
>101	893	15	0.55	0.076	0.69	(0.35, 1.36)	0.282
Missing	1364	33	0.89	0.679	0.96	(0.55, 1.67)	0.890
HIV viral load (copies/ml) at TB diagnosis
<500	113	4	1		1
≥500	26	1	1.17	0.886	1.52	(0.17, 13.74)	0.707
Missing	2833	65	0.74	0.552	0.84	(0.30, 2.32)	0.733
Type of TB
Pulmonary	1116	36	1		1
Extrapulmonary	730	21	0.94	0.825	1.02	(0.57, 1.84)	0.937
Both	255	5	0.59	0.269	0.65	(0.25, 1.65)	0.360
Not tested or reported	871	8	0.32	0.003	0.31	(0.14, 0.70)	0.005
Time intervals between initiation of TB therapy and ART initiation
TB diagnosed while on ART	611	23	1		1.00
ART not yet started	441	13	0.63	0.197	0.80	(0.39, 1.66)	0.551
Early ART after TB therapy	896	19	0.61	0.114	0.69	(0.37, 1.28)	0.239
Delayed ART after TB therapy	1025	15	0.51	0.050	0.57	(0.29, 1.12)	0.101

TB, tuberculosis; ART, antiretroviral therapy.

Bold text denotes adjusted hazard ratios with significant p values; TB, tuberculosis; ART, antiretroviral therapy.