Table I.
Demographics, drug use characteristics, and HIV seroprevalence among PWID entering the drug detoxification and methadone maintenance programs at Beth Israel Medical Center, 1990–2012
| Historical Period | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990–1994 | 1995–1999 | 2000–2006 | 2007–2012 | Test value, df (p) | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | # 4.91, 3 (0.18) | |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | 997 (82) | 1515 (80) | 2383 (80) | 848 (82) | |
| Female | 226 (18) | 374 (20) | 609 (20) | 180 (18) | |
| Race/Ethnicity | #149.18, 6 (<0.001) | ||||
| Whites* | 227 (19) | 526 (28) | 829 (28) | 326 (33) | 6.99, 3 (<0.001) |
| Blacks* | 399 (33) | 458 (25) | 541 (19) | 173 (17) | −10.49, 3 (<0.001) |
| Hispanics* | 584 (48) | 877 (47) | 1550 (53) | 494 (50) | 2.53, 3 (0.01) |
| Average Age (SD)* | 37 (7) | 37 (9) | 37 (9) | 40 (10) | 6.75, 3 (<0.001) |
| Drug Use Characteristics | |||||
| Injecting Heroin* | 947 (77) | 1790 (95) | 2797 (93) | 955 (93) | 12.19, 3 (<0.001) |
| Injecting Cocaine* | 830 (68) | 872 (46) | 1074 (36) | 446 (43) | −15.03, 3 (<0.001) |
| Injecting Speedball* | 978 (80) | 1032 (55) | 1330 (44) | 422 (41) | −20.79, 3 (<0.001) |
| Injecting Daily | 964 (79) | 1462 (77) | 2425 (81) | 743 (72) | −1.68, 3 (0.09) |
| HIV testing* | 850 (70) | 1663 (89) | 2768 (93) | 1005 (98) | 21.35, 3 (<0.001) |
| HIV+* | 603 (49) | 491 (26) | 460 (15) | 118 (11) | −23.96, 3 (<0.001) |
*
Significant trend (p<0.05) over time (non-parametric trend test)
#
Chi-squared test