Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of prescription opioid dependent patients by current co-occurring psychiatric disorder (N=360)

	Co-occurring psychiatric disorder
	Yes (180)	No (180)	p
Sociodemographic characteristics
Female, %	53.3	30.6	.001
White, %	91.7	89.4	ns
Age, mean, sd	33.2, 9.4	31.9, 9.9	ns
Years education, mean, sd	12.9, 2.1	12.9, 2.3	ns
Never married, %	46.1	53.9	ns
Employed full-time, %	57.8	62.8	ns
Substance use
Heroin use ever, %	25.0	27.2	ns
Age of onset for opioid dependence (357), mean, sd	28.7, 8.9	28.2, 9.4	ns
First source of prescription opioids (357), %			.02
Legitimate prescription from an M.D.	62.4	47.5
Given by someone	17.4	27.9
Any prior opioid treatment, %	34.4	35.6	ns
Any drug dependence diagnosis, excluding opioids, %
Lifetime	52.2	29.4	.001
Past year	23.9	8.9	.001
Alcohol dependence diagnosis, %
Lifetime	36.1	19.4	.001
Past year	6.7	2.2	.041
Opioid craving score, mean, sd	8.3, 2.0	7.6, 2.3	.002
Nicotine dependence score, mean, sd	3.8, 2.9	3.1, 2.8	.038
Other clinical characteristics
Addiction Severity Index composite scores, mean, sd
Alcohol (338)	.05, .10	.05, .08	ns
Drug	.35, .07	.32, .07	.001
Legal (337)	.06, .14	.05, .13	ns
Medical (355)	.26, .20	.16, .28	.004
Psychiatric (352)	.25, .20	.07, .13	.001
Family/social (325)	.20, .23	.11, .17	.001
Employment (355)	.42, .29	.35, .28	.029
Chronic pain, %	45.6	37.2	ns
Beck Depression Inventory, mean, sd	27.3, 11.9	18.9, 10.5	.001
Quality of life score
Physical	47.5, 10.3	49.7, 9.7	.040
Mental	33.5, 12.8	42.0, 11.0	.001
Lifetime abuse, %
Physical	39.4	18.9	.001
Sexual	28.9	10.6	.001