TABLE 1.
Descriptive characteristics of African American and Caucasian 5–18-year-old girls and boys
| White girls | African American girls | White boys | African American boys | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 84 | 118 | 96 | 84 |
| Age, years | 12.4 (3.4) | 12.3 (3.6) | 12.3 (3.5) | 12.0 (3.4) |
| Tanner stage, % (by pubic hair development) | ||||
| I | 25.0 | 19.5 | 33.3 | 32.1 |
| II | 16.7 | 9.3 | 16.7 | 13.1 |
| III | 4.8 | 11.9 | 6.3 | 13.1 |
| IV | 14.3 | 15.3 | 10.4 | 9.5 |
| V | 39.3 | 44.1 | 33.3 | 32.1 |
| Tanner stage, % (by breast/genital development) | ||||
| I | 23.8b | 17.8 | 26.0 | 34.5 |
| II | 17.9 | 13.6 | 26.0 | 17.9 |
| III | 22.6 | 15.3 | 14.6 | 14.3 |
| IV | 23.8 | 22.9 | 20.8 | 20.2 |
| V | 11.9 | 30.5 | 12.5 | 13.1 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.9 (5.2) | 25.1 (7.8)a | 21.6 (5.6) | 22.9 (6.6) |
| BMI percentile, % | 70.0 (26.0) | 78.1 (27.7)a | 67.8 (29.5) | 73.0 (27.9) |
| Waist circumference, cm | 72.0 (13.9) | 77.1 (18.0)a | 73.5 (16.1) | 73.9 (18.8) |
| Body fat, kg | 16.9 (9.4) | 20.8 (14.1)a | 13.7 (10.2) | 14.5 (11.0) |
| Body fat percent, % | 31.1 (8.4)b | 31.8 (9.6)a | 24.0 (9.1) | 24.0 (10.0) |
| SAT volume, ml | 4246.6 (3153.8)a | 5626.5 (4767.2)a | 3171.3 (3075.2) | 3576.3 (3428.2) |
| VAT volume, ml | 162.3 (137.0) | 139.4 (128.0) | 167.7 (190.7)b | 116.6 (124.6) |
Parentheses indicate standard deviation. BMI—body mass index; SAT—subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT—visceral adipose tissue.
a
Significant difference by ethnicity, within sex.
b
Significant difference by sex, within ethnicity.