TABLE 2.

Linear regression analyses of sexual maturation effects on adiposity^a

	BMI (kg/m2)						Waist circumference (cm)
	Model 1			Model 2			Model 1			Model 2
	β	SE	Partial R2	β	SE	Partial R2	β	SE	Partial R2	β	SE	Partial R2
Girls
Ethnicityb	0.22g	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.03	0.002	0.15e	0.03	0.023	−0.002	0.03	<0.0001
Maturationc	–	–	–	0.85g	0.02	0.37	–	–	–	0.80g	0.02	0.37
Boys
Ethnicity	0.12	0.03	0.01	0.12	0.03	0.01	0.02	0.03	0.001	0.02	0.03	0.001
Maturation	–	–	–	20.20	0.02	0.01	–	–	–	−0.12	0.02	0.003
	Total body fat (kg)						SAT (ml)
	Model 1			Model 2			Model 1			Model 2
	β	SE	Partial R2	β	SE	Partial R2	β	SE	Partial R2	β	SE	Partial R2
Girls
Ethnicity	0.10	0.08	0.01	−0.05	0.08	0.002	0.12	0.11	0.01	−0.04	0.11	0.001
Maturation	–	–	–	0.80g	0.05	0.43	–	–	–	0.79g	0.07	0.32
Boys
Ethnicity	0.02	0.10	0.001	0.03	0.10	0.001	0.05	0.12	0.003	0.06	0.12	0.003
Maturation	–	–	–	−0.28e	0.07	0.02	–	–	–	−0.24	0.09	0.01
	VAT (mL)
	Model 1d			Model 2d
	β	SE	Partial R2	β	SE	Partial R2
Girls
Ethnicity	−0.12	0.11	0.06	−0.25g	0.07	0.06
Maturation	–	–	–	0.0003	0.05	0.0001
Boys
Ethnicity	−0.23g	0.07	0.06	−0.23g	0.06	0.06
Maturation	–	–	–	−0.21f	0.05	0.01

Note: Model 1 included ethnicity and age, with age squared, age cubed, and ethnicity × age interaction allowed in the model if P<0.05. Model 2 included sexual maturation, ethnicity, and age, with age squared, age cubed, ethnicity × age interaction, and maturation × age interaction allowed in the model if P<0.05. BMI—body mass index; SAT—subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT—visceral adipose tissue.

^aAdiposity variables were transformed using the natural logarithm.

^bEthnicity was coded as 0 = white and 1 = African American.

^cSexual maturation was assessed as 5 ordinal stages based on the development of breasts (girls) or genitals (boys).

^dVAT controlled for total body fat, and body fat × age was allowed in the model if P<0.05.

^eindicates P<0.05

^findicates <0.01

^gindicates P<0.001.