Table 1.
| Preoperative Factors | Extubation at end of case (n= 163) |
Delayed extubation (n=126) |
P Value Bivariate Model |
P value Multivariate model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) Mean±SD | 57 ± 16 | 62 ± 12 | 0.0164* | 0.0204* |
| ASA (1/2/3/4) | (3/101/58/1) | (2/60/56/8) | 0.0090* | 0.0001* |
| Gender (% male) | 84 (51%) | 56 (44%) | 0.2381 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) Mean±SD | 26.7 ± 6.2 | 28.2 ± 8.0 | 0.0794 | |
| Previous spine surgery (re-op) | 54 (33%) | 54 (43%) | 0.1108 | |
| OSA | 8 (5%) | 13 (10%) | 0.1085 | |
| Current Cervical spine surgery | 50 (31%) | 27 (21%) | 0.0828 | |
| Current Anterior (and posterior) surgery | 21 (13%) | 12 (10%) | 0.4568 | |
| Emergency surgery | 3 (2%) | 5 (4%) | 0.3020 | |
| Intraoperative Factors | ||||
| Difficult Intubation | 50 (31%) | 36 (29%) | 0.7954 | |
| Case Duration (mins) Mean±SD | 550 ± 68 | 651 ± 110 | <0.0001* | 0.0124* |
| Spine Levels Mean±SD | 5.8 ± 3 | 9 ± 5 | <0.0001* | 0.0211* |
| EBL (mL) Mean±SD | 1059 ± 770 | 2068 ± 1466 | <0.0001* | 0.3533 |
| Crystalloid Volume (mL) Mean±SD | 4916 ± 1384 | 6281 ± 1982 | <0.0001* | 0.0199* |
| Colloid Volume (mL) Mean±SD | 556 ± 481 | 909 ± 658 | <0.0001* | 0.7185 |
| Blood Volume (mL) Mean±SD | 364 ± 485 | 1183 ± 1192 | <0.0001* | 0.0266* |
| Anesthesia resident handoff | 66 (40%) | 79 (61%) | 0.0006* | 0.2817 |
| Anesthesia attending handoff | 64 (39%) | 95 (74%) | <0.0001* | 0.0968 |
| Case end time (24 hr clock) ±SD (hr:min) | 18:00 (2:04) | 20:15 (2:44) | <0.0001* | 0.0025* |