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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2013 Jul 6;45(10):2173–2178. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.06.029

Figure 1. A basic overview of the regulation of muscle size by CnA.

Figure 1

Solid lines represent established pathways while dotted lines represent potential or unverified interactions. CnA’s activation of PGC-1α via MEF2 and NFAT is currently thought to be the primary signaling cascade by which CnA prevents muscle wasting. However, CnA also potentially activates miR-23a, thus inhibiting Atrogin-1 and MuRF1, either by direct activation or by first activating MEF2 and/or NFAT, representing an additional mechanism whereby CnA may prevent muscle loss.