Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Medical Characteristics of Post-ACS Patients by Sleep Duration, PULSE (N = 742)a
| Characteristic | Sleep ≥7 hours (n = 364) | Sleep <7 hours (n = 378) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, y | 64.62 (11.03) | 62.34 (11.60) | .006 |
| Female, No. (%) | 110 (30.2) | 142 (37.6) | .04 |
| Educational level, y | 13.24 (4.36) | 13.20 (4.17) | .91 |
| Black, No. (%) | 73 (20.1) | 91 (24.1) | .19 |
| Clinical Severity | |||
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1.70 (1.69) | 1.58 (1.65) | .35 |
| GRACE | 93.78 (29.09) | 89.39 (30.17) | .04 |
| LVEF <40%, No. (%) | 49 (13.5) | 47 (12.4) | .68 |
| Behavioral, Psychosocial, and Sleep Factors | |||
| Body mass index | 28.92 (5.56) | 29.61 (5.86) | .10 |
| Depressive symptoms | 7.33 (6.78) | 9.65 (7.11) | <.001 |
| Past-month sleep medication use, No. (%) | 53 (14.6) | 90 (23.9) | .001 |
| Past-month breathing-related sleep disturbance, No. (%) | 46 (12.7) | 91 (24.2) | <.001 |
| Outcome | |||
| ACS recurrence or death, No. (%) | 51 (14.0) | 76 (20.1) | .03 |
| Days to ACS recurrence or death | 351.11 (96.89) | 339.08 (107.77) | .11 |
Abbreviations: ACS, acute coronary syndrome; GRACE, Global Registry of Coronary Events; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PULSE, Prescription Use, Lifestyle, and Stress Evaluation study.
a
Data are presented as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated. Sleep duration was assessed at baseline. ACS recurrence includes hospitalization for nonfatal MI or unstable angina.