Table 2.
Characteristics of participating women and infants
| Alb+praz | Praziquantel | Albendazole | Placebos | Overall | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic and clinical characteristics | Treatment arms | N = 249 | N = 241 | N = 251 | N = 242 | N = 983 | p value |
| Mothers’ age (years) | Mean | 23.9 | 23.9 | 24.4 | 23.2 | 24.1 | .789 |
| Mothers’ education | None/primary | 141 (56.9)a | 118 (49.2) | 141 (56.2) | 129 (53.5) | 529 (54.0) | .325 |
| Secondary/tertiary | 107 (43.1) | 122 (50.8) | 110 (43.8) | 112 (46.5) | 451 (46.0) | ||
| Household SES | Lower | 105 (43.0) | 113 (47.5) | 107 (43.3) | 105 (44.5) | 430 (44.6) | .509 |
| Upper | 139 (57.0) | 125 (52.5) | 140 (56.7) | 131 (55.5) | 535 (55.4) | ||
| Mothers’ occupation | Fishing/farming | 10 (3.9) | 9 (3.5) | 13 (5.1) | 11 (4.4) | 43 (4.2) | .278 |
| Unskilled manual | 20 (7.8) | 22 (8.7) | 9 (3.5) | 11 (4.4) | 44 (6.1) | ||
| Bar/hotel | 10 (3.9) | 7 (2.8) | 16 (6.2) | 11 (4.4) | 44 (4.3) | ||
| housewife | 169 (61.9) | 174 (68.5) | 166 (64.6) | 167 (67.1) | 666 (65.5) | ||
| business | 32 (12.5) | 25 (9.8) | 33 (12.5) | 35 (14.1) | 125 (12.3) | ||
| student | 6 (2.3) | 5 (2.0) | 5 (1.9) | 1 (.4) | 17 (1.7) | ||
| professional | 20 (7.8) | 12 (4.7) | 15 (5.8) | 13 (5.2) | 60 (5.9) | ||
| Fathers’ occupation | None | 2 (.8) | 2 (.8) | 3 (1.2) | 3 (2.1) | 5 (1.2) | .859 |
| Farmer/fishing | 29 (12.2) | 37 (15.4) | 30 (12.1) | 29 (12.2) | 125 (13.0) | ||
| Unskilled manual | 81 (34.2) | 84 (35.0) | 74 (30.0) | 81 (34.0) | 320 (33.3) | ||
| Bar/hotel | 6 (2.5) | 2 (.8) | 3 (1.2) | 3 (1.3) | 14 (1.5) | ||
| Business | 37 (15.6) | 33 (13.8) | 40 (16.2) | 41 (17.2) | 151 (15.7) | ||
| Student | 4 (1.7) | 6 (2.5) | 3 (1.2) | 3 (1.3) | 16 (1.7) | ||
| Professional | 78 (32.9) | 76 (31.7) | 94 (38.1) | 76 (31.9) | 324 (33.7) | ||
| Mothers’ income | <30,000 (£10) | 208 (82.5) | 208 (83.9) | 212 (85.1) | 216 (88.2) | 844 (84.9) | .096 |
| (Uganda Shillings) | 30,000–60,000 | 31 (12.3) | 28 (11.3) | 15 (6.0) | 20 (8.2) | 94 (9.5) | |
| 60,001–100,000 | 7 (2.8) | 4 (1.6) | 11 (4.4) | 4 (1.6) | 26 (2.6) | ||
| >100,000 | 6 (2.4) | 8 (3.2) | 11 (4.4) | 5 (2.0) | 30 (3.0) | ||
| Family size | mean | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.79 | 3.77 | 3.84 | .602 |
| Mothers’ HIV status | Positive | 22 (8.8) | 19 (7.9) | 26 (10.4) | 25 (10.3) | 92 (9.4) | .973 |
| Mothers’ gravidity | Primigravida | 72 (28.9) | 61 (25.3) | 59 (23.5) | 54 (22.3) | 246 (25.0) | .310 |
| Mothers’ hookworm status | Positive | 108 (43.7) | 111 (46.0) | 89 (35.7) | 97 (40.1) | 405 (41.4) | .150 |
| Mother's S. mansoni status | Positive | 44 (17.8) | 50 (20.8) | 47 (18.9) | 46 (19.0) | 187 (19.1) | .857 |
| Sex of the child | Female | 110 (44.2) | 127 (52.7) | 122 (48.6) | 124 (51.2) | 483 (49.1) | .122 |
| Age of the child (months) | Mean (SD) | 15.6 (.50) | 15.6 (.50) | 15.6 (.50) | 15.6 (.50) | 15.6 (.50) | .561 |
| Min. | 14.2 | 14.3 | 15.1 | 15.0 | 14.2 | ||
| Max. | 17.0 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 16.9 | 17.00 | ||
| Gestation age at birth | full term (≥38 wks) | 240 | 234 | 245 | 233 | 952 | .212 |
| preterm | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 26 | ||
| Gestation age in weeks | Mean (SD) | 39.30 (3.41) | 39.29 (3.64) | 39.68 (3.23) | 39.46 (3.48) | 39.42 (3.44) | .558 |
| Birth weight (kg) | Mean (SD) | 3.11 (.47) | 3.15 (.48) | 3.21 (.48) | 3.21 (.50) | 3.17 (.48) | .172 |
| Apgar Score at 10 minutes | Mean (SD) | 9.82 (.54) | 9.68 (.53) | 9.83 (.59) | 9.77 (.65) | 9.77 (.71) | .172 |
| Weight at 15 months (kg) | Mean (SD) | 9.56 (1.18) | 9.55 (1.19) | 9.63 (1.38) | 9.64 (1.27) | 9.59 (1.26) | .740 |
| Height at 15 months (cm) | Mean (SD) | 75.51 (3.26) | 75.54 (3.61) | 75.73 (3.31) | 75.66 (3.11) | 75.61 (3.33) | .813 |
| Infant hemoglobin (g/dL) | Mean (SD) | 10.06 (1.37) | 10.05 (1.34) | 10.10 (1.48) | 10.28 (1.45) | 10.12 (1.41) | .334 |
aFigures are proportions (percent) unless otherwise indicated.