Table 2.
Metabolic and clinical parameters of type 1 diabetic patients (n = 176) divided into three groups according to diabetic retinopathy status.
| Group 1 (n = 86) |
Group 2 (n = 33) |
Group 3 (n = 57) |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HbA1c (%)* | 7.25 ± 1.56 | 7.47 ± 1.44 | 8.56 ± 1.32 | <0.01 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L)* | 4.74 ± 1.08 | 5.18 ± 1.01 | 5.48 ± 1.17 | <0.01 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L)* | 1.42 ± 0.77 | 1.41 ± 0.81 | 1.66 ± 0.80 | ns |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)* | 1.28 ± 0.41 | 1.35 ± 0.36 | 1.28 ± 0.38 | ns |
| Insulin dosage (IU/kg)* | 0.71 ± 0.21 | 0.77 ± 0.16 | 0.72 ± 0.17 | ns |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)* | 127.21 ± 13.89 | 135.76 ± 20.75 | 136.40 ± 20.62 | <0.01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)* | 79.77 ± 10.06 | 81.82 ± 9.03 | 84.65 ± 11.66 | <0.05 |
| Antihypertensive treatment** | 32.56 | 60.61 | 57.89 | <0.01 |
| Hypolipidemic treatment** | 25.58 | 39.39 | 54.39 | <0.01 |
| Nephropathy** | 5.81 | 24.24 | 78.95 | <0.01 |
*mean ± SD **%; percentage.
Group 1: no retinopathy, group 2: mild/moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; group 3: severe/very severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy or proliferative diabetic retinopathy; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin value; nephropathy: patients with type 1 diabetes on hemodialysis due to diabetic nephropathy.