Table 7.

Correlation between diabetic retinopathy and diabetes duration, body mass index, and metabolic and clinical parameters in type 1 diabetic patients (n = 176).

	Diabetic retinopathy
	Correlation test*
Diabetes duration (years)	0.524**
BMI (kg/m2)	−0.053
HbA1c (%)	0.375**
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	0.252**
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	0.108
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	−0.029
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	0.175*
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	0.194**
Nephropathy	0.761**

**Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

*Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

BMI: body mass index; HbA₁c: glycated hemoglobin value; nephropathy: patients with type 1 diabetes on hemodialysis due to diabetic nephropathy.