Table 3.

Secondary Outcomes: Mean Improvements in Neck Pain Measures

Outcome by Massage Dose	Unadjusted				Adjusteda
	Mean Change (95% CI)	Mean Difference (95% CI)	P Value	Overall P Value	Mean Difference (95% CI)	P Value	Overall P Value
Neck Disability Index
Control	1.45 (−0.20 to 3.10)	Ref	–	<.001	Ref	–	<.001
1 × 60 min/wk	−0.86 (−2.09 to 0.36)	−2.31 (−4.37 to −0.26)	.03		−2.31 (−4.29 to −0.32)	.02
2 × 30 min/wk	−0.89 (−2.33 to 0.54)	−2.34 (−4.53 to −0.16)	.04		−2.35 (−4.51 to −0.18)	.03
2 × 60 min/wk	−2.06 (−3.51 to −0.62)	−3.52 (−5.71 to −1.32)	.002		−3.44 (−5.53 to −1.35)	.001
3 × 30 min/wk	0.05 (−1.26 to 1.35)	−1.41 (−3.51 to 0.70)	.19		−1.73 (−3.78 to 0.33)	.10
3 × 60 min/wk	−4.36 (−6.25 to −2.47)	−5.81 (−8.32 to −3.30)	<.001		−5.63 (−7.94 to −3.32)	<.001
Neck pain intensity
Control	−0.51 (−1.35 to 0.32)	Ref	–	<.001	Ref	–	<.001
1 × 60 min/wk	−1.21 (−1.84 to −0.58)	−0.70 (−1.74 to 0.35)	.19		−0.43 (−1.36 to 0.50)	.37
2 × 30 min/wk	−1.66 (−2.29 to −1.03)	−1.14 (−2.19 to −0.10)	.03		−1.02 (−1.93 to −0.12)	.03
2 × 60 min/wk	−2.21 (−2.81 to −1.61)	−1.70 (−2.72 to −0.67)	.001		−1.56 (−2.46 to −0.66)	.001
3 × 30 min/wk	−1.62 (−2.19 to −1.05)	−1.10 (−2.12 to 0.09)	.03		−0.83 (−1.73 to 0.07)	.07
3 × 60 min/wk	−2.74 (−3.22 to −2.25)	−2.22 (−3.19 to −1.26)	<.001		−2.07 (−2.94 to −1.20)	<.001

Ref = reference group.

^aAdjusted for baseline Neck Disability Index and neck pain intensity, age, sex, duration of neck pain of more than 5 years, use of medications for neck pain, and race/ethnicity (white non-Hispanic vs other).