Figure 2.

Inhibitory effect of PGG on NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages. Peritoneal macrophages were treated with 50 ng·mL⁻¹ LPS in the absence or presence of PGG (2 or 5 μM). (A) Effect on IRAK1/NF-κB pathway. (B) Effect on NF-κB nuclear translocation, as detected by confocal microscopy using an antibody against p65 subunit. (C) Effect on MAPK pathway. NF-κB and MAPK phosphorylation as well as nuclear translocation of NF-κB in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages were determined at 90 min after treatment with LPS by immunoblotting and confocal microscopy respectively.