Table 4. Potential biomarkers of control group and treated group based on serum metabolite profiles detected by UPLC/MS.

tR(min)	m/z(Da)	Scan mode	Quasi-molecular ion	Identification	Change trend compared with the control	Fold change compared with the control
3.5	119.7486	+	[M+H−HCOOH]+	phenylalanine	↑	1.18
4.3	146.0154	+	[M−NH3−HCOOH+H]+	tryptophan	↑	1.71
	188.0432	+	[M−NH3+H]+
13.7	357.4052	+	[M+H−2H20]+	deoxycholic acid	↑	4.02
	437.421	−	[M+HCOO]−
14.4	407.1061	−	[M−H]−	cholic acid	↑	2.24
	815.1432	−	[2M−H]−
14.9	184.0064	+	[H2O3PO−CH2CH2N(CH3)3]+	C18∶2 LPC	↓	0.95
	504.2021	−	[M−CH3]−
	520.2123	+	[M+H]+
14.9	544.0104	+	[M+H]+	C20∶4 LPC	↓	0.86
15.3	184. 0064	+	[H2O3PO−CH2CH2N(CH3)3]+	C0∶0/16∶0 LPC	↓	0.45
	496.2211	+	[M+H]+
15.7	184. 0064	+	[H2O3PO−CH2CH2N(CH3)3]+	C16∶0/0∶0 LPC	↓	0.95
	480.2026	−	[M−CH3]−
	496.2211	+	[M+H]+
	540.3012	−	[M+HCOO]−
16.1	184.0064		[H2O3PO−CH2CH2N(CH3)3]+	C18∶1/0∶0 LPC	↓	0.88
	522.2001	+	[M+H]+
	506.1342	−	[M−CH3]−
17.7	184.0064	+	[H2O3PO−CH2CH2N(CH3)3]+	C18∶0/0∶0 LPC	↓	0.85
	508.2031	−	[M−CH3]−
	524.1346	+	[M+H]+
	568.4082	−	[M+HCOO]−
19.3	783.1213	+	[M+H]+	PC 18∶2/18∶2	↓	0.61
20	759.1042	+	[M+H]+	PC 16∶0/18∶2	↑	3.03
20.4	781.1432	+	[M+H]+	36∶5 PC	↑	3.75
20.7	809.972	+	[M+H]+	38∶6 PC	↑	1.83
22	783.2213	+	[M+H]+	36∶4 PC	↑	1.14

* The identified metabolites were confirmed by standards (see Supporting Information).