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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neuropharmacology. 2013 Dec 4;79:249–261. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.11.022

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Telmisartan protects CGCs against glutamate-induced apoptosis. CGCs were pretreated with 1 µM telmisartan (Telm) for 2 h, followed by treatment with 100 µM glutamate for another 24 h. (A) Telmisartan significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells as determined using the In Situ Cell Death Detection kit. (B) DNA laddering determined by the DNA fragmentation assay. The Figure represents a typical experiment repeated three times. (C) Caspase-3 activity was determined by the Caspase-3/CPP32 Colorimetric Protease Assay and is presented as means ± SEM from three independent experiments. All results are presented as means ± SEM from three independent experiments. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. Control; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.001 vs. Glutamate.