Table 1.
Characteristics of a cohort of 72,310 older (≥60 years of age) adults with type 2 diabetes, by age and duration of diabetes. Kaiser Permanente Northern California. 2004–2010.
| Age groups (years) | 60–69 | 70–79 | 80+ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of diabetes category (years) | 0–9 | 10+ | 0–9 | 10+ | 0–9 | 10+ |
| N | 23,899 | 10,088 | 18,018 | 9,786 | 6,325 | 4,194 |
| Demographics, % | ||||||
| Male | 54.7 | 53.6 | 52.4 | 51.5 | 46.8 | 49.1 |
| Race/ethnicity, % | ||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 50.5 | 43.5 | 58.6 | 51.4 | 68.4 | 58.4 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 9.9 | 14.1 | 7.2 | 10.0 | 6.3 | 13.7 |
| Hispanic | 10.9 | 13.9 | 10.1 | 12.9 | 6.3 | 8.5 |
| Asian | 4.2 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 4.7 |
| South Asian | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.03 | 0.1 |
| Filipino | 6.5 | 6.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| Other Asian | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.4 |
| Pacific Islander | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.03 | 0.2 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Other/Mixed | 10.4 | 14.5 | 10.3 | 13.9 | 10.4 | 12.1 |
| Missing | 4.9 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.1 |
| Systolic blood pressure | ||||||
| <130 mm Hg | 37.5 | 36.4 | 35.2 | 35.3 | 35.7 | 36.0 |
| >=130 mmg Hg | 55.5 | 57.9 | 59.1 | 59.4 | 59.7 | 59.7 |
| Missing | 7.0 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 4.3 |
| LDL cholesterol | ||||||
| <100 mg/dl | 41.9 | 49.5 | 46.4 | 52.9 | 41.0 | 48.9 |
| >=100 mg/dl | 53.4 | 45.8 | 48.6 | 42.0 | 47.9 | 40.6 |
| Missing | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 11.1 | 10.5 |
| A1C Categories, % | ||||||
| <=5.9 | 17.5 | 6.2 | 20.2 | 8.6 | 23.2 | 11.4 |
| 6.0–6.9 | 45.4 | 32.3 | 51.6 | 40.5 | 53.9 | 44.5 |
| 7.0–7.9 | 22.2 | 34.0 | 19.2 | 32.8 | 16.7 | 29.8 |
| 8.0–8.9 | 7.7 | 15.4 | 5.3 | 11.4 | 3.6 | 9.4 |
| >=9.0 | 7.3 | 12.2 | 3.8 | 6.8 | 2.8 | 4.9 |
| Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate, % | ||||||
| >=90 | 15.0 | 12.1 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 3.0 | 3.4 |
| 60–89 | 50.2 | 43.0 | 48.6 | 39.5 | 39.5 | 34.9 |
| 30–59 | 21.3 | 29.6 | 33.5 | 40.3 | 46.5 | 47.7 |
| 15–29 | 0.7 | 3.8 | 1.8 | 5.0 | 3.3 | 6.4 |
| <15 | 0.3 | 2.2 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 1.4 |
| Missing | 12.4 | 9.3 | 10.5 | 8.6 | 7.2 | 6.2 |
| Baseline History of Complication, % | ||||||
| Acute hyperglycemic event, previous year | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.0 |
| Acute hypoglycemic event, previous year | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 1.3 |
| End-stage renal disease | 0.5 | 2.7 | 0.4 | 2.1 | 0.3 | 1.2 |
| Amputation | 0.4 | 2.8 | 0.5 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 2.7 |
| Eye disease | 5.4 | 40.6 | 6.4 | 41.6 | 7.3 | 38.9 |
| Coronary artery disease | 10.0 | 18.7 | 14.4 | 22.3 | 17.9 | 24.1 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 3.2 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 11.4 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 2.8 | 8.0 | 5.5 | 11.3 | 8.6 | 13.6 |
| Congestive heart failure | 6.4 | 14.4 | 11.2 | 18.9 | 19.7 | 25.6 |
| Medications, % | ||||||
| Taking no glucose lowering medications | 32.7 | 5.2 | 41.2 | 7.3 | 48.8 | 10.9 |
| Insulin | 7.5 | 44.6 | 5.7 | 39.2 | 5.0 | 34.8 |
| Sulfonylurea | 47.4 | 59.7 | 44.4 | 60.9 | 41.2 | 60.2 |
| Metformin | 41.1 | 54.7 | 28.5 | 43.9 | 16.3 | 29.6 |
| Thiazolidinedione | 7.1 | 19.9 | 5.0 | 15.0 | 3.5 | 9.8 |
| Acarbose | 0.5 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.4 | 0.7 |
| Regpaglinide | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| ≥2 glucose lowering drugs | 29.4 | 63.2 | 21.3 | 53.3 | 13.1 | 38.0 |
| ≥3 glucose lowering drugs | 6.1 | 20.1 | 3.5 | 13.1 | 2.0 | 7.3 |
| Insulin and oral therapy | 5.3 | 27.0 | 3.6 | 19.9 | 3.0 | 13.5 |
| Statin | 64.8 | 70.8 | 66.7 | 70.8 | 56.9 | 60.5 |
| Other lipid lowering agent | 7.4 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 3.4 | 4.0 |
| ACE inhibitor | 54.2 | 63.5 | 53.6 | 62.3 | 50.6 | 59.7 |
| Other anti-hypertensive | 67.2 | 74.1 | 76.6 | 80.4 | 81.3 | 83.0 |